![]() ![]() For example a television image of a rainbow actually contains only three specific colors of light, red, green, and blue, one for each type of cone. TRICKS ON OUR EYES: The brain can easily be fooled. If R detects a little light, but G detects more light, the brain interprets the nerve signals to mean that the color must be yellow. For example, if only the R cone detects light, the brain interprets the color must be red. By integrating the signal rates sent from three kinds of cones, the brain attempts to infer what color and brightness of the light must have been. That nerve pulse carries no information about the actual color of the light, only the brightness. Each cone sends a nerve pulse to the brain at a rate proportional to the intensity of the light which that cone detects. The three sensitivity ranges actually overlap so Figure 2 might be a better representation. The three curves in Figure 1 crudely represented by the sensitivities of the three types of cones. ![]() One is sensitive to primarily red, a second to green, and a third blue. HOW OUR EYES DETECT COLOR: Each cone is sensitive to a different range of colors. A paradigm based on light spectra may match reality better. If the human eye had cones that respond to additional color ranges, then additional primary colors would be necessary to produce all colors that humans see. The cone shaped light detectors in human eyes are sensitive to three different color ranges, that we call red, green, and blue. In reality, there is an infinite number of colors just as there are an infinite quantity of real numbers on a number line. While these paradigms of primary colors have worked well for human printing and light uses for over a century, it is likely that the three primary colors are not descriptive of the world, but rather an artifact of our eyes, the tools we use to perceive the world. Pigments such as those used for printing are combinations of three different primary colors: yellow, cyan, and magenta. THREE PRIMARY COLORS: The traditional paradigm of color suggests that light is a combination of three primary colors: red, green, and blue. ![]()
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